分享点这个楼主采访的机翻,是的我是懒狗:
以及ai还有个奇葩槽点,这ai咋把zzz翻译为wuwa(
Somehow, on Twitter of all places, I managed to get a fairly good, polite discussion going between myself and some VAs who chimed in on several of my posts and responses.
不知怎么的,居然是在 Twitter 这个地方,我成功地和几位配音演员展开了一场相当不错、礼貌的讨论。他们在我的几条帖子和回复中发表了自己的看法。
So, I would like to thank Jennifer Caitlin Roberts (@akaGhostBird), and Luis Bermudez (@LuisBermudezVO), for being willing to discuss with me (again, politely and constructively) about the ongoing issues.
因此,我想感谢 Jennifer Caitlin Roberts(@akaGhostBird)和 Luis Bermudez(@LuisBermudezVO),感谢他们愿意和我讨论(再次强调,是礼貌且有建设性地)当前正在发生的问题。
This post will lay things out in the best way I can, based on the questions I asked.
这篇帖子将基于我提出的问题,尽可能清晰地整理相关内容。
Firstly, and a big one: The actors themselves do not really understand what’s going on, nor what all the legalese in the different contracts and such actually mean.
首先,也是一个很重要的问题:演员们自己其实并不真正理解发生了什么,也不完全清楚不同合同中的法律术语到底是什么意思。
Quote from Luis:
The fact of the matter is not everyone knows this stuff. Not even most actors! To be frank, a lot of it wasn’t common knowledge until very recently. That’s why we’re here combatting misinformation, because one small misconception and suddenly everything’s mixed up.
Luis 的原话:
事实是,并不是每个人都懂这些东西。甚至大多数演员也不懂!坦率地说,很多信息直到最近才被广泛知晓。这正是我们在努力对抗错误信息的原因,因为一个小小的误解就可能导致整个事情被混淆。
The next ones will be laid-out in an easier-to-digest fashion. Questions are what I asked, Answers are from the 2 VAs I spoke to (copied directly, no editing on my end):
接下来的内容会以更容易理解的方式呈现。“问题”是我问的,“答案”来自我交谈的两位配音演员(直接复制,无任何编辑):
Q: Why are union actors even working on non-union gigs to begin with, isn’t that a big no-no with SAG?
A: It’s Global Rule 1, but yes. Actors working “off the card” on VO has been a thing for a long time for many complex reasons.
Q:为什么工会演员甚至会去接非工会的工作?这对 SAG 来说不是大忌吗?
A:这是全球规则 1(Global Rule 1),但确实如此。配音演员“off the card”(未通过工会身份)工作的情况由来已久,原因十分复杂。
Q: Is this really just about AI cloning of voices? There’s a lot more tacked-on to SAG’s interim agreement than just AI-related clauses. If this truly was just “no AI please”, there would not be such an uproar.
A: First: the cast has asked Hoyo to at least sign the AI rider and Hoyo refused. Second: “all the rest of the stuff” has been misrepresented by people who don’t understand how it works. There are ways for non-u actors to continue working on this game if it flips union.
Q:这件事真的只是关于 AI 克隆声音的问题吗?SAG 的临时协议中远不止 AI 相关的条款。如果真的只是“禁止 AI”,那就不会引起这么大的争议了。
A:首先,演员阵容已经要求 HoYo 至少签署 AI 附加条款(AI rider),但 HoYo 拒绝了。其次,“所有其他内容”被不了解其运作方式的人错误解读了。如果这款游戏转为工会项目,非工会演员依然有办法继续参与。
Q: OK, what is this NAVA AI Rider, it’s literally the first time I’ve seen it brought up?
A: If anyone mentions “the AI rider” they’re almost definitely talking about the NAVA one. The problem with that rider though is that if you want to enforce it, you have to hire your own lawyers. The benefit to SAG AI protections is that you have SAG’s lawyers for free.
Q:好吧,NAVA AI Rider 是什么?我还是第一次听说它。
A:如果有人提到“AI rider”,他们几乎肯定是在说 NAVA 的版本。但这个条款的问题在于,如果你想要执行它,你得自己请律师。而 SAG 的 AI 保护条款的好处是,SAG 会免费为你提供律师。
Personal Speculation : This might be what HoYo has signed with Sound Cadence for Zenless, based on what’s been said about that, and the various responses I’ve seen about it.
个人推测: 这可能就是 HoYo 与 Sound Cadence 在zzz项目上签订的协议,基于我所听到的内容以及关于它的各种反馈。
Q: Why are all of you VAs so adamant that every single person in the industry wants to join SAG? Surely there are some who don’t, whether due to the sign-up fees, yearly fees, or other reasons?
A: I’m saying that joining SAG is typically a planned part of an actor’s career trajectory. It’s a step actors expect to take at some point if they want to make a living doing animation, video game, or commercial work. Fi-core is a thing.
A: Union scale for games projects is $1k+, the NU standard is $250/2hr minimum ($500). The initiation fee to join is $3k, and can be broken up into 6 payments. Annual dues are percentage based on your earnings. So clearly, it’s affordable, as 3 sessions would likely cover your entry. You can also immediately designate as ficore if you live in the states, and continue to work both union and NU work. People want to join SAG because it offers health insurance, pension, and retirement. Your wages are also automatically deducted for taxes on union contracts, which is not the case for NU work. AND, you get the benefit of being protected by SAGAFTRA contracts, and their lawyers. Why wouldn’t anyone want to join the union exactly?
Q:为什么你们这些配音演员都如此坚决地认为行业里的每个人都想加入 SAG?肯定还是有人不想加入吧,可能是因为入会费用、年费或其他原因?
A:我的意思是,加入 SAG 通常是演员职业规划的一部分。如果他们想靠动画、电子游戏或商业广告谋生,这通常是他们预计会迈出的一步。Fi-core(财务核心成员)是个选项。
A:工会游戏项目的最低薪资是 $1000+,而非工会的标准是 $250/2 小时(即 $500)。SAG 的入会费是 $3000,可以分六期支付。年费是按收入比例计算的。所以很明显,这个费用是负担得起的,参加 3 次配音工作基本就能赚回入会费。而且,如果你住在美国,你可以立即选择 Fi-core 会员身份,这样你既能参与工会工作,也能接非工会的工作。
人们想加入 SAG,因为它提供医疗保险、养老金和退休福利。此外,在工会合同下,你的工资会自动扣税,而非工会工作不会。而且,你还能受 SAG-AFTRA 合同的保护,并享受他们提供的律师服务。那到底为什么有人不想加入工会呢?
Q: Ok, but Clifford Chapin (ZZZ Billy’s VA) has specifically stated that some earn far less than that and can barely afford the entry fees to SAG - while Fi-Core means you pay, but get none of the benefits.
A: Clifford is talking about triggering the must join status as an anime dubbing actor, where the rates are much lower. A union anime session will pay upwards of $130/2hr session. But we’re talking about Genshin, where again, the scale payment would be upwards of $1k/session. So if you are in TX (Texas) like Clifford, and you are only really doing NU games and NU anime, maybe you save up, or wait until you book something that warrants the must join. But at no point are you forced to join the union against your will, and under financial durress. Bare in mind, in the market where Clifford works, TX, the NU dubbing rate was as low as $30/hour several years ago. It’s much better…for some…now. but not by much. This is why many actors consider TX a good first stepping stone and entry point for the rest of your career.
Q:可是 Clifford Chapin(zzz中比利的配音演员)明确表示,有些人收入远低于这个水平,几乎付不起 SAG 的入会费——而且 Fi-core 意味着你必须付费,却得不到任何福利。
A:Clifford 说的是“必须加入”(Must Join)规则在动漫配音行业的影响,而这个行业的薪资远低于其他类型的配音工作。工会动漫配音的薪资大约是 $130/2 小时一场。但我们讨论的是《原神》,在那里,每场录音的最低薪资会高达 $1000 以上。
所以,如果你像 Clifford 一样住在得克萨斯(TX),而且你的主要工作是非工会游戏配音和非工会动漫配音,也许你会选择攒钱,或者等到接到某个重要的工会项目时再加入。但你永远不会在经济压力下被强迫加入工会。
请注意,在 Clifford 所在的市场(得州),非工会动漫配音的薪资几年前曾低至 $30/小时。虽然现在有所改善,但对某些人来说,幅度并不大。这就是为什么很多演员认为得州是进入行业的一个跳板,而非最终归宿。
Q: OK, but if Genshin flips union through the interim agreement, then the non-union actors need to go through Taft-Hartleys, or simply pay-up to join SAG. What about foreign voice-actors that don’t fall under SAG?
A: Depending on the client/recording situation, non-US residents don’t have to join SAG to work on union things. There are many complexities around foreign union rules. If you’re a foreign actor and want to ask questions about your particular situation, call SAG and ask.
A: For instance, if you’re in TX (Texas), which is a right to work state, and you record from TX on union productions, either in your home studio or a local TX studio, you never trigger the Taft Hartley process. You only do if you work in a state like California that doesn’t have R2W laws.
A: Exactly! So if you’re a UK resident recording in the UK, SAG has no jurisdiction there. So depending on the client and how they pay you (again, it’s complex, and every situation is different), it’s fully possible to work on US Union projects and not have to join.
Q:如果《原神》通过临时协议转为工会项目,那非工会演员就必须通过 Taft-Hartley 条款,或者直接交钱加入 SAG。那么,那些不受 SAG 约束的外国配音演员该怎么办?
A:根据客户/录音安排,非美国居民不一定需要加入 SAG 才能参与工会项目。外国工会规则的情况很复杂。如果你是外国演员,想询问你的具体情况,可以直接打电话问 SAG。
A:举个例子,如果你在得克萨斯(TX),这是一个“就业自由州”(Right to Work State),而且你在自己的录音棚或当地工作室录制工会项目,那你不会触发 Taft-Hartley 规定。只有在加州这样的非“就业自由州”工作时,你才会触发这个条款。
A:没错!如果你住在英国,在英国录音,SAG 对你没有管辖权。所以,具体情况取决于客户如何支付你的薪资(再次强调,这很复杂,每种情况都不同)。这意味着,你完全可以参与美国的工会项目,而无需加入 SAG。
Q: So, I could be hired non-union even though SAG dictates the VAs need to be union?
A: SAG doesn’t restrict NU workers from union projects. Do you think union actors are made in a factory? We were all NU first. Whether you don’t have to join in the UK is up to UK labor law, but even if you do, you are free to continue working on whatever you want in the UK.
A: Inb4 “but Taft Hartleys!”: If you want to work on one or two union things, you don’t have to join. If you want to work on more union things, at that point, why DON’T you want to join? You’re already working the contracts, keep working the contracts. Go fi-core if you need to.
Q:所以,我可以被雇佣为非工会演员,即使 SAG 规定配音演员必须是工会成员?
A:SAG 并不会禁止非工会演员参与工会项目。你觉得工会演员是流水线生产出来的吗?我们最开始都是非工会演员。至于在英国是否需要加入工会,这取决于英国的劳动法。但即使你需要加入,你仍然可以在英国继续自由接工作。
A:在你说“但是 Taft-Hartley 条款!”之前:如果你只想做一两次工会项目,你并不需要加入。但如果你想做更多工会项目,那为什么不直接加入呢?你已经在做工会合同的工作了,那就继续做吧。如果有需要,可以选择 Fi-core。
————————
Q: OK, but SAG’s own website says that to join, you need to have worked on union gigs. How do you do that as a non-union?
A: Taft Hartley is not exclusive to the US, it’s the only way anyone becomes a Union member. Here’s how it works. You get hired for a SAG project. You now have a 30 day grace period to work whatever else you want, Union or NU. At the end of that 30 days, you have another 30 to decide whether you would like to abstain from joining the union all together, join the union as a card carrying member, or designate as ficore, so you can continue to work both types of jobs. If you did the union job in a R2W state, this does not trigger.
Q: 好吧,但 SAG 自己的网站上说,要加入工会,你必须在工会项目中工作过。作为非工会演员,你要怎么做到?
A: Taft-Hartley(泰夫特-哈特利法案)并不只适用于美国,它是任何人加入工会的唯一方式。运作方式如下:你被聘为 SAG 旗下项目的演员。你现在有 30 天的宽限期,可以自由接其他工会或非工会的工作。在这 30 天结束后,你还有 30 天来决定是否完全不加入工会、正式成为工会会员,或者选择 Fi-Core(财务核心成员),这样你可以继续同时接工会和非工会的工作。如果你是在“工作权”州(Right-to-Work State)从事这份工会工作,这个规则不会生效。
Q: Huh? Taft-Hartley IS exclusive to the US - it’s a US law. So how is it not exclusive?
A: The TH process is tied to labor law, which means you are subject to it from wherever you are in the world, the moment you accept employment. Now as an example, if you live in a region of Canada that has laws against being forced to join a labor union, and you record there, no TH. If you fly out to LA, and record there, and then go back home, you engaged in employment on US soil and are subject to the state of CA labor laws. If I flew to China, and did a job there, I would pay taxes that year for that job as if I lived in China. If you live in a country with similar labor laws, as long as you recorded for the project in your country, it does not trigger. Only if you travel to a state like California, and record there, do you trigger the must join process. If you live in another country, and join SAG or go ficore, you can still do all the NU work you want IN YOUR OWN COUNTRY! As well as any union work. You can be a member of British Equity, AND a member of SAG. Yippee!
Q: 啥?Taft-Hartley 明明是美国法律,所以它怎么可能不只适用于美国?
A: Taft-Hartley 这一流程与劳动法挂钩,这意味着无论你身处世界何处,一旦接受工作,就受其约束。举个例子,如果你居住在加拿大某个法律禁止强制加入工会的地区,并在那里进行录音,那 Taft-Hartley 规则不会生效。但如果你飞到洛杉矶录音,然后回家,那你就是在美国领土上从事了雇佣劳动,因此受加州劳动法管辖。
如果我飞到中国并在那里接了一份工作,那么当年我会像在中国居住一样缴纳税款。如果你所在的国家有类似的劳动法律,只要你在自己的国家录制项目,Taft-Hartley 规则就不会生效。只有当你前往像加州这样的州并在那里录音时,才会触发“必须加入工会”的流程。
如果你住在另一个国家,并选择加入 SAG 或成为 Fi-Core,你仍然可以在你自己的国家继续从事所有非工会的工作!你也可以做工会的工作。你可以同时成为英国 Equity 工会和 SAG 工会的成员。太棒了!
Q: OK, but how does that work for, in this case HoYo, who are based in Singapore/China and outsource all their VA work (except OG Chinese)?
If they’re on SAG contract for the EN Voices, then as a non-union UK worker, I wouldn’t be able to, right? Or could I?
A: If a Chinese company contracts a UK recording studio to record you in the UK, you’re working a UK contract on UK soil. SAG isn’t involved, even if the rest of the game records in the US.
Q: 好吧,但在 HoYo 这种情况下,它们的总部设在新加坡/中国,并且除了原版中文配音外,所有配音工作都是外包的。这种情况下,HoYo 的英语配音如果签了 SAG 合同,作为非工会的英国演员,我还能接这个工作吗?还是不能?
A: 如果一家中国公司雇佣英国的录音棚,让你在英国录制配音,你就是在英国录制英国合同下的项目。SAG 不会介入,即便该游戏的其他部分是在美国录制的。
Q: So, if HoYo is under SAG through the Interim, can they then also hire me through another UK studio that isn’t part of SAG? Essentially, there’s no “it has to be SAG” clause?
A: The studio that hires you would be whoever is sending the auditions. But all that matters is where you do the work, and if it’s subject to labor union laws. If they source to a UK studio to do the casting and recording, it’s the same process.
A: And if you’re a UK-based actor, you’d almost certainly get the audition from a UK-based studio through your UK-based agent, bypassing the complexity entirely.
Q: 那么,如果 HoYo 通过 SAG 的临时协议(Interim Agreement)加入了 SAG,它们还能通过另一家不受 SAG 约束的英国录音棚雇佣我吗?也就是说,没有“必须是 SAG 录音棚”这一要求吗?
A: 雇佣你的录音棚就是负责发送试音邀请的那一方。但真正重要的是你工作的地点,以及是否受当地劳动法的约束。如果他们通过英国录音棚来进行试音和录音,那运作方式就是这样。
A: 而且,如果你是英国的演员,你几乎肯定会从英国的录音棚和英国的经纪公司那里收到试音邀请,完全绕开这些复杂的情况。
Q: What I’m asking is if HoYo can hire other studios, not in the US and not covered by SAG, on top of a SAG studio.
A: Studios in the US would be under SAG contracts. SAG has no jurisdiction outside of the us, so studios in other countries would be subject to their own local labor laws.
A: The game I’m in, FFXIV Dawntrail hires both US and UK talent. If they wanted UK talent to work off of a SAG contract for some reason, they could hire them through a separate UK studio, but I’d be highly suspicious as a UK talent.
A: Eh, some companies that use both US and UK talent have working partnerships with UK-based studios, so they can record their UK talent locally and under local laws. Cyberpunk, for example, was recorded half in at SIDE US and half at SIDE UK, under their respective local contracts.
Q: 我真正想问的是,HoYo 是否可以在已经与 SAG 录音棚合作的基础上,同时雇佣其他不在美国、也不受 SAG 约束的录音棚?
A: 在美国的录音棚必须受 SAG 合同约束。SAG 在美国之外没有管辖权,所以其他国家的录音棚将遵循各自国家的劳动法律。
A: 我参与的游戏《最终幻想 14:黄金传奇》(FFXIV Dawntrail)同时聘用了美国和英国的配音演员。如果他们出于某种原因希望英国演员在 SAG 合同下工作,他们可以通过一个独立的英国录音棚雇佣他们。但作为英国演员,我会对这种安排持怀疑态度。
A: 哎,一些同时使用美国和英国配音演员的公司通常会与英国录音棚建立合作关系,这样他们就可以在本地录制英国演员的声音,并遵循当地法律。例如,《赛博朋克 2077》的配音录制分别在SIDE US 和 SIDE UK 进行,各自按照本地合同进行工作。
It was long, and I will admit I got some non-answers to some of these questions, but for the most part, the tl;dr is:
这篇讨论很长,我承认其中有些问题并没有得到确切的答案,但总体而言,简要总结如下:
-—No, the union actors shouldn’t have been working HoYo games to begin with, but everyone turned a blind eye to it, until they didn’t.
— If you’re a US-based actor, you kind of have to join SAG, or miss-out on A LOT. It’s basically expected for you to want to sign-up.
—HoYo is refusing to even sign the NAVA AI Rider (apparently)
—HoYo can work with whoever they want, but in the US, it’s going to be covered by SAG.
—Taft-Hartleys only really apply to US-based actors living in the US, or external actors that work in the US, and only in states that require you to be in a union. States like Texas with “right to work” don’t have such rules.
—工会演员本不该参与 HoYo 的项目,但所有人都对此睁一只眼闭一只眼——直到他们不再睁一只眼闭一只眼。
— 如果你是美国演员,基本上你必须加入 SAG,否则你会错失大量机会。加入 SAG 被视为理所当然的职业选择。
— HoYo 甚至拒绝签署 NAVA AI Rider(AI 附加条款)。
— HoYo 可以与任何他们想合作的录音棚合作,但在美国,他们的项目必须受 SAG 约束。
— **Taft-Hartley 法案只适用于生活在美国的美国演员,或者在美国工作的海外演员,并且仅在那些要求加入工会的州生效。**像德克萨斯这样的“工作权”州(Right-to-Work State)没有这样的强制性规定。
By the way, both of these actors mention several times going Fi-Core. Just to explain, Fi-Core is someone who pays SAG’s entry fees ($3000), but gets basically none of the benefits. It’s essentially a “paying, but non-member”.
So, in summary:
顺便说一下,这两位配音演员多次提到了 Fi-Core。简单解释一下,Fi-Core(财务核心成员)是指支付了 SAG 入会费($3000),但基本上没有享受任何福利的人。换句话说,他们是“缴费但非正式成员”。
总的来说:
HoYo may or may not be offering AI protections to the EN VAs at all, even though they do have some in their contract for ZZZ through Sound Cadence - however if HoYo broke this contract and did use someone’s voice in AI, it would be up to that actor to take HoYo to court. And I don’t need to explain how that would work out.
If HoYo wants to continue to use American Voice Actors, they either sign the interim agreement, or continue to just hope it fizzles out somewhen. They can however replace striking non-union actors (like Kinich’s old VA) with overseas actors that don’t have ties to SAG (new Kinich VA) and they can hire actors for new roles from overseas too (Mizuki, Varesa), bypassing SAG.
It becomes far muddier in regards to the union actors who are striking, as they realistically shouldn’t have been with Genshin to begin with, but are and may be covered by union protections, even though Genshin isn’t a union project.
- HoYo 是否为英语配音演员提供 AI 保护目前仍不明确,尽管他们在Zenless Zone Zero中通过 Sound Cadence 录音棚签订了一些 AI 保护条款。但如果 HoYo 违反合同并使用 AI 复制演员的声音,那么责任就落在演员自己身上——他们必须自行起诉 HoYo,而我们都知道这会是什么结果。
- 如果 HoYo 想继续雇佣美国配音演员,他们要么签署临时协议(Interim Agreement),要么就只能寄希望于这场风波最终平息**。
- 然而,他们可以用没有 SAG 关联的海外演员来取代罢工中的非工会演员(比如新 Kinich VA 取代了旧 Kinich VA)。他们也可以为新角色聘请海外演员(例如 Mizuki、Varesa),完全绕过 SAG。
- 至于那些正在罢工的工会演员,情况就复杂得多了。**理论上,他们根本不该参与《原神》的配音工作,但他们已经在其中了**,并且可能仍然受到工会的保护,尽管《原神》本身并不是工会项目。